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KMID : 0371420170920040173
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Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
2017 Volume.92 No. 4 p.173 ~ p.178
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Routine calcitonin measurement in nodular thyroid disease management: is it worthwhile?
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Turk Yigit
Makay Ozer
Ozdemir Murat
Ertunc Gozde
Demir Batuhan
Icoz Gokhan
Akyildiz Mahir
Yilmaz Mustafa
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Abstract
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Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of routine calcitonin measurement in patients with nodular thyroid disease.
Methods: Consecutive patients with nodular thyroid disease (n = 640) were studied. Serum calcitonin levels were measured under basal conditions, and when basal values were between 10?100 pg/mL, testing was repeated after pentagastrin (PG) stimulation. Patients with previously diagnosed or familial medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) were excluded. Patients were operated on when basal or stimulated calcitonin >100 pg/mL or when other surgical indications were present.
Results: Four cases of MTC were identified. MTC was diagnosed in 75% of patients with basal calcitonin >100 pg/mL. One out of 11 patients with basal calcitonin between 10?100 pg/mL was diagnosed with MTC. PG stimulation resulted in elevation in 4 cases, where 1 case was diagnosed with MTC. Positive predictive value for basal calcitonin levels in the preoperative diagnosis of MTC was 5% for values between 10?100 pg/mL and 100% for values >100 pg/mL. Possible reasons for false positivity were papillary thyroid cancer in 17%, renal insufficiency in 8.3%, Hashimoto thyroiditis in 17% and β-blocker use in 33%. Positive predictive value for the PG test (>100 pg/mL) was 25% in the entire series. The cost of adding calcitonin measurement (±PG stimulation) to the preoperative work-up, resulted in €912.68 per MTC patient to detect the disease.
Conclusion: Basal calcitonin measurement together with PG stimulation in cases of basal calcitonin >10 pg/mL detects MTC in 0.62% of patients with nodular thyroid disease.
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KEYWORD
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Thyroid nodule, Calcitonin, Cytology
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